Fig. 3

Analysis of RMP gene expression during spermatogenesis. a Schematic representation of the four main phases of spermatogenesis: (i) mitotic division of spermatogonia (SPG) into primary spermatocytes (PSC), (ii) meiotic division of PSCs into secondary spermatocytes (SC), (iii) meiotic division SCs into round spermatids (RST), and (iv) spermiogenesis, in which round spermatids (RST) mature into elongated spermatids (EST). b Heatmap of RMP expression levels in mouse testis. RMPs were clustered into 4 groups based on k-means analysis of their normalized average mRNA expression values. c Violin plots of the expression patterns of each of the 4 identified clusters. d RNA median expression barplot and immunohistochemistry of NSUN7, NSUN2, and METTL14, depicting distinct protein expression levels along the different sections of the testis and epididymis, as well as different subcellular localizations. Brown color indicates a specific staining of the antibody whereas blue represents hematoxylin counterstain