Fig. 4

Phenotypic characterization of TaSPL17 OE lines in the field. a, b Spikes (a) and spikelets (b) of WT and OE plants. Scale bar, 2.00 or 0.50 cm for spike and spikelet, respectively. c Grain width and length of WT and OE lines. Scale bar = 1.00 cm. d Relative transcript levels of the corresponding genes in OE and WT. Values are means ± SD (n = 3). e–l Spike length (e), spikelet number per spike (f), grain number per spikelet (g), grain number per spike (h), grain length (i), grain width (j), TGW (k), and grain yield per spike (l) between WT and OE lines. Data are shown as means ± SD (n = 20). Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences (P < 0.05), as determined by ANOVA