Fig. 1
From: ISLET: individual-specific reference panel recovery improves cell-type-specific inference
An overview of our proposed method ISLET (Individual Specific celL typE referencing Tool). A ISLET takes repeatedly measured bulk RNA-seq data, cell type proportions (known or estimated), and disease status as the algorithm input. Additional covariates are optional. B By a hierarchical mixed-effect modeling, ISLET can iteratively retrieve individual-specific and cell-type-specific gene expression reference panels. The fixed effect is the group-level average and the random effect is the individual-level deviance from the group mean. C Given the individual-specific reference panel, ISLET can conduct test to identify cell-type-specific differentially expressed genes (csDEG)