Fig. 1
From: RAD21 is the core subunit of the cohesin complex involved in directing genome organization
Cohesin is arranged in axial chromosomal domains in cells with up-regulated RAD21. A Super-resolution images of HeLa cell transfected with human RAD21. Scale bar, 5 μm. Right, higher magnification of vermicelli. Scale bar, 1 μm. 3 independent experiments. Deconvolution was applied to improve the imaging resolution and signal to noise ratio. B Histogram of bead-to-bead distance along the vermicelli fiber in RAD21 over-expressed cell (n = 210). C Live cell super-resolution images of vermicelli morphology in cells with different after transfected over different time. Scale bar, 5 μm. Deconvolution was applied to improve the imaging resolution and signal to noise ratio. D Plots compare mean intensity (x axis) and heterogenetic level (y axis) after RAD21 up-regulation for different time (n > 36 per condition). E Representative images of an inverse fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (iFRAP) assay after RAD21 up-regulation in HeLa cells. Scale bar, 5 μm. 3 independent experiments. Deconvolution was applied to improve the imaging resolution and signal to noise ratio. F The fluorescence signals of unbleached regions were normalized to the first pre-bleach image and plotted (mean ± S.D., n = 14 per condition). G Super-resolution images of cohesin subunits in the presence of RAD21 over-expression labelled with antibodies. Scale bar, 5 μm. Deconvolution was applied to improve the imaging resolution and signal to noise ratio. H Colocalization analysis of vermicelli and protein in (G) (n ≈ 40 per condition). The lower quartile, median and upper quartile values were labelled in the box. (***P < 0.001, two sample T test). I Live cell super-resolution images of three RAD21 mutants in (Additional file 1: Fig. S1I) over-expressed in HeLa cell. Scale bar, 5 μm. 3 independent experiments. Deconvolution was applied to improve the imaging resolution and signal to noise ratio