Fig. 4
The lactylation of YY1 in microglia plays an important role in regulating angiogenesis. a Heatmap shows the top 20 DELPs with increased and decreased lactylation under hypoxia for 24 h. b The enrichment analysis of DELPs. c Using the STRING database, DELPs specifically target the binding process. The node size corresponds to the relative fold-change of lactylation. d Collision-induced dissociation (CID) analysis was used to determine the modification sites. The MS/MS spectrum of modified “(Kla)SYLSGGAGAAGGGGADPGNK” is shown. e Hypoxia increases YY1 lactylation. Lactylation of YY1 in HMC3 cells under normoxia or hypoxia for 24 h was detected by YY1-Kla antibody (n = 3 per group). f–i HMC3 cells overexpressing WT or K183R YY1 were pretreated with 1% O2 for 24 h. Then HRMECs were cocultured with the pretreated HMC3 cells. The tube formation, spheroid sprouting, migration, and proliferation assays were performed as shown in the “Methods” (n = 3 independent experiments, 3 images for each group); scale bars, 50 μm (f, g, and i) or 100 μm (h). *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001