Fig. 1

Data compilation. a Schema of two strategies for dating gene ages. A phylogenetic tree covering four species is shown and the age inferences are marked along the tree. The purple and blue boxes mark the parental and child copies, respectively. The gray boxes indicate the genes around the focal gene while the white boxes indicate the absence of the child gene. The shaded region represents the syntenic alignment. b Age assignment with pie charts showing the proportions of broadly transcribed and tissue-biased genes. c Count of the pan-cancer TCGA datasets used in this study. Only RNA-sequencing transcriptome datasets (marked with “*”) were reprocessed, while all other datasets were directly retrieved from previous publications or dedicated websites (“Methods”). Numbers refer to the counts of tumor samples, while numbers in parentheses refer to the counts of normal controls. SCNA refers to somatic copy number alteration