Fig. 1

Composition and characteristics of the B. rapa pan-genome. a Pan-genome models for B. rapa. The upper and lower curves show the number of total and core gene families after different combinations of individuals. b Compositions of the B. rapa pan-genome. The histogram shows the number of gene families in the 18 genomes with different frequencies. The pie chart shows the proportion of the gene families marked by each composition. c Number of classified genes in each genome. d Proportion of genes with InterPro domains in the Chiifu core genes, softcore genes, dispensable genes, and private genes. Orange and green bars represent genes with InterPro domain annotations and genes without InterPro domain annotations. e The expression level of core, softcore, and dispensable genes in the Chiifu genome. f, g CDS length (f) and CDS number (g) of each gene in Chiifu core, softcore, dispensable, and private genes. h The ratio of LTR-related genes in core, softcore, and dispensable genes. An LTR-related gene is defined as a gene with insertions of LTR-RTs in the regions of 2 kb upstream and downstream of the gene body. The white dots indicate the average value in all figures, and multiple comparisons were performed by the Student-Newman-Keuls test with a = 0.01 (same as presented in Figs. 3 and 4)