Fig. 3

| Molecular Koch’s postulates, including a generalised revision for the purposes of this review. Stanley Falkow’s adaptation of Koch’s postulates (left) have been the gold standard to support causal links between genotypes and bacterial phenotypes for decades [71, 72]. To provide wider accessibility and application to microbiology research more generally, we have revised these postulates (right). Importantly, these postulates are adapted to guide functional validation and the authors acknowledge the full set might not be fulfilled in all cases