Fig. 1

Sampling sites and demographics. a Cameroon sampling sites. At every sampling site, Bantu agropastoralists were sampled. One of two hunting and gathering groups (Baka and Bagyeli) or Fulani pastoralists were also sampled at these sites. b Top: image of a representative village with a large population of Bantu agropastoralists (creative commons license). Bottom: image of a representative village with a large population of hunter-gatherers (photograph by Meagan A. Rubel). c Demography table of truncated metadata for Cameroon and US (See Table S1 for full metadata)