Fig. 3

TAD splits and mergers are associated with changes in chromosome state. a Heatmaps of chromatin interactions determined by Hi-C (top panels) and Genome Browser tracks of ChIP-Seq signal for histone modifications (bottom panels) in HUVEC and IMR90. Vertical dash lines indicate TAD split sites. Color scales for each heatmap were indicated in the top right and bottom left corners. b Boxplot showing the difference in each histone modification between the two sides of TAD boundaries in HUVEC and IMR90 cells. c Heatmaps of chromatin interactions determined by Hi-C and DNase-Seq signal around a TAD split site at five stages of T cell lineage specification. d Heatmap of TAD split score (top panels) and fold difference of DNase-Seq signal between the two sides (bottom panels) of individual TAD merge sites (left panels) and split sites (right panels). e, f Percentage of TAD split sites associated with each category of histone modification change between IMR90 and HUVEC (e) or DNase-Seq signal change across the 8 stages of T cell lineage specification (f). “↑,” “↓,” and “−” denote increase, decrease, and no change of a histone modification or DNase-Seq signal at one side of the split site in response to the splitting. Each category of change is defined by changes at the two sides of the split site. For T cell lineage specification, the TAD splits are defined between DP and HSPC cells