Fig. 5

E. faecium in the gut causes colitis in Il10^−/− mice. Fecal transplantation from selected subjects (HD55 and IBD36) and inoculation of E. faecium strain ATCC 19434 was performed in microbiota-depleted Il10^−/− mice. The control group was treated with antibiotics (VCM/DRPM) in the absence of transplantation. a Changes in body weight (%) throughout the course of the experiment and b on day 28. c Representative histological sections of the murine colon at the time of euthanasia. Bars, 100 μm. d Mean pathology scores for each group of mice. †, average pathology score of 0. e mRNA expression levels of inflammatory cytokines in the colon as analyzed by real-time PCR. Values shown in a, b, d, and e are the mean ± SE. Statistical differences between two values were analyzed using a Mann-Whitney U test. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001