Table 4 Association of socioeconomic variables and diet quality with features of the gut microbiome
| Â | 16S Shannon index | P:B ratio | ITS Shannon index |
|---|---|---|---|
Beta (95% CI) | Beta (95% CI) | Beta (95% CI) | |
Household income/year ($) | |||
 < 10,000 | Reference | Reference | Reference |
 10,000–20,000 | 0.03 (− 0.06, 0.13) | 0.04 (− 0.04, 0.12) | 0.10 (0.00, 0.20) |
 20,000–40,000 | 0.02 (− 0.08, 0.11) | 0.02 (− 0.06, 0.10) | 0.10 (0.01, 0.20) |
 > 40,000 | 0.08 (− 0.02, 0.18) | − 0.11 (− 0.19, − 0.03) | 0.10 (− 0.01, 0.20) |
P value | 0.16 | 0.0005 | 0.22 |
Educational attainment | |||
 < 9th grade | Reference | Reference | Reference |
 Some high school | 0.01 (− 0.09, 0.11) | − 0.09 (− 0.18, − 0.01) | − 0.02 (− 0.12, 0.08) |
 High school diploma | − 0.03 (− 0.11, 0.05) | − 0.08 (− 0.15, − 0.01) | 0.01 (− 0.08, 0.09) |
 Beyond high school | 0.02 (− 0.05, 0.09) | − 0.15 (− 0.21, − 0.09) | 0.05 (− 0.02, 0.12) |
P value | 0.62 | < 0.0001 | 0.15 |
Childhood economic hardship | − 0.02 (− 0.10, 0.07) | 0.05 (− 0.02, 0.12) | 0.01 (− 0.07, 0.10) |
P value | 0.72 | 0.14 | 0.77 |
Childhood sanitation (had basic facilities such as plumbing and sewer tank) | − 0.03 (− 0.14, 0.08) | − 0.14 (− 0.23, − 0.05) | 0.08 (− 0.03, 0.19) |
P value | 0.60 | 0.003 | 0.17 |
Alternative Healthy Eating Index* | −.0004 (−.0048, 0.0040) | 0.0063 (0.0027, 0.0100) | 0.0055 (0.0010, 0.0099) |
P value | 0.35 | 0.006 | 0.40 |