Fig. 4

Histone modifications mediate regulation of the clock genes. a, c Binding signals of H3K4me3 and H3K9ac at the genic regions of CCA1 (a) and TOC1 (c) at different time points. Each track represents the normalized ChIP-seq read coverage at a single time point. The Y-axis scales are 0–15 for H3K4me3 and 0–10 for H3K9ac. ZT time is indicated on the left. b, d Quantifications of the ChIP-seq signals at diurnal peaks located in CCA1 (b) and TOC1 (d), respectively. Relative expression levels (R.E.L.) of CCA1 and TOC1 are shown (blue line). ACT7 was used as an internal control for gene expression. e, f Enrichment of CCA1 (e) and TOC1 (f) binding targets in the genes with rhythmic H3K4me3 or H3K9ac peaks. Error bars indicate the standard deviation of biological replicates (n = 3) with an asterisk showing the significant enrichment (P < 1e−5, hypergeometric test)