Fig. 1

Identification of novel bacterial strains belonging to the genus Bifidobacterium. a The relative abundance of the reconstructed bacterial genomic material at genus level obtained from Bos javanicus, Callimico goeldii, and Callithrix pygmaea samples. Only genera that display at least 0.2% of the total amount of the assembled data were included in the heat map. b The abundance of putative novel genetic material belonging to the genus Bifidobacterium retrieved by means of the custom METAnnotatorX pipeline. The y-axis shows the number of base pairs (bp) assigned to the genus Bifidobacterium. Total assembled bifidobacterial genome sequences are reported in blue, while putative novel bifidobacterial sequences are highlighted in green. c The relative abundance of GH enzymes predicted from the unclassified bifidobacterial genetic material retrieved from Callimico and Callithrix WMGS sequencing. d A circular genome atlas of Bifidobacterium 2028B and 2034B. External circles denote gene positions within genomes, while internal circles describe G + C% deviation and GC skew (G-C/G + C). e A genomic region of Bifidobacterium 2034B in which the gene encoding a pullulanase was identified, a predicted property that was subsequently used for cultivation-based glycan selection. The sequence coverage of the data obtained from WMGS sequencing is reported in the top margin, while in the bottom margin the alignment with the reconstructed genomes obtained between WMGS and WGS sequencing is indicated