Figure 1
GSTe2 expression and functional analysis. (A) Comparative qRT-PCR examining DDT-resistant (Benin) and DDT-susceptible (Mozambique, Malawi and Uganda) mosquitoes. (B) DDT bioassay tests on transgenic Act5C-GSTe2 flies (Exp-GSTe2) and control strains (two parental (UAS-GSTe2 and GAL4-actin) and F1 progeny that do not express the GSTe2 transgene (Cont-NO)). (C) The same bioassays with permethrin. (D) DDT metabolic activity (depletion rate after 1 hr) of GSTe2 alleles (mean ± standard deviation). (E) Michaelis–Menten enzyme kinetics for resistant and susceptible GSTe2 alleles (F) Permethrin metabolic activity (depletion rate after 1 hr) for the 119 F GSTe2 allele (mean ± standard deviation). DDT, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane; MAL, Malawi; MOZ, Mozambique; qRT-PCR, quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; UG, Uganda, DDE, dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene.