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Table 1 Isolates included in this study

From: The multidrug-resistant PMEN1 pneumococcus is a paradigm for genetic success

Number of isolatesa

Years

Country (n)

Source

Reference(s)

211 (174)

1937-1996

Denmark (139), USA (48), Germany (6), France (2), India (2), Malaysia (2), Singapore (2), Australia (1), Belgium (1), The Gambia (1), The Netherlands (1), Norway (1), Scotland (1), Spain (1), Sweden (1), Unknown (2)

LML

[56]

43 (43)

1948-1998

The Netherlands (6), USA (6), Portugal (5), South Africa (3), Spain (3), Czech Republic (2), Greece (2), Poland (2), Taiwan (2), Canada (1), Columbia (1), Denmark (1), England (1), Finland (1), France (1), Hungary (1), Sweden (1), Unknown (4)

LM

[15]

36 (36)

1979-1989

South Africa (36)

KPK, AVG

-

27 (27)

1969-1994

South Africa (17), Germany (8), Papua New Guinea (2)

RH

[57, 58]

27 (27)

1981-1991

USA (26), South Africa (1)

LM

[59]

26 (26)

1977-1978

South Africa (26)

MRJ

[8, 9, 60]

22 (22)

1999-2007b

USA (22)

LM, BWB

-

17 (17)

1993-2005

Iceland (17)

KGK

-

9 (9)

1987-1989

Spain (9)

JL

[61–65]

8 (8)

1998-2002

USA (8)

ABB

-

  1. Total number of isolates = 426 (excluding isolates for which genomic data were retrieved from GenBank; see Materials and methods). aNumber of isolates selected for pbp nucleotide sequencing (total n = 389). bThe year of one isolate was unknown. Source abbreviations: LML, LM Lambertsen; LM, L McGee; KPK, KP Klugman; AVG, A von Gottberg; RH, R Hakenbeck; MRJ, MR Jacobs; BWB, BW Beall; KGK, KG Kristinsson; JL, J Liñares; ABB, AB Brueggemann.