Table 1 Genetic, cellular and functional information about mammalian syntaxins
From: The syntaxins
Syntaxins | Chromosomal localization* | Cellular localization | Tissue distribution | Known function |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Syntaxin 1A (A and C) | 7q11.23 | Presynaptic plasma membrane | Neuronal and secretory cells | Neuronal exocytosis; regulated secretion |
Syntaxin 1B | 16p11.2 | Presynaptic plasma membrane | Neuronal and secretory cells | Neuronal exocytosis; regulated secretion |
Syntaxin 2 (A, B, C and D) | 7 | Plasma membrane | Ubiquitous | Exocytosis; morphoregulator during development |
Syntaxin 3 (A, B, C and D) | 11cen-11q12.3 | Plasma membrane | Ubiquitous | Exocytosis |
Syntaxin 4 | 16p13.13-16p12.3 | Plasma membrane | Ubiquitous | Glut4 translocation |
Syntaxin 5 (long and short form) | 11cen-11q12.1 | ER-Golgi boundary | Ubiquitous | ER-Golgi transport |
Syntaxin 6 | 1 | TGN | Ubiquitous | TGN-endosome transport; endosome-TGN transport; fusion of immature secretory granules |
Syntaxin 7 | 6 | Endosome | Ubiquitous | Late endosome fusion; late endosome-lysosome fusion |
Syntaxin 8 | 17p12 | Endosome | Ubiquitous | Late endosome fusion |
Syntaxin 10 | 19p13.2 | TGN | Ubiquitous | ? |
Syntaxin 11 | 6q23.1-6q25.3 | TGN/late endosome | Ubiquitous | ? |
Syntaxin 12/13 | 1 | Endosome | Ubiquitous | Recycling of surface protein; early endosome fusion |
Syntaxin 16 (A, B and C) | 20p11.23-20p11.21 | Golgi/TGN | Ubiquitous | Early endosome-TGN transport |
Syntaxin 17 | ? | Smooth ER | Steroidogenic tissues | Trafficking to smooth ER |
Syntaxin 18 | 4 | ER | ? | ER-Golgi transport; ER homotypic fusion |