Fig. 1

BZR1 regulatory network in maize and Arabidopsis. a Distribution of ZmBZR1 binding around transcribed genes. Frequency of ZmBZR1 binding peaks up to 10 kb up- or downstream of TSS or TTS and intra-genic, respectively. b ChIP-seq identified ZmBZR1 binding in proximity of putative targets repressed (BR6ox2/BRD1), induced (IAA19) or not controlled by BR (CNX5). Black line shows normalized BZR1 ChIP reads (reads per genome coverage, RPGC) and red line depicts the negative control (non-transgenic siblings). Genes are depicted in blue; black arrows indicate direction of transcription. c, d Significantly overrepresented ZmBZR1 binding motifs, BRRE (CGTG[C/T]G) and G-box (CACG[A/T]G) (c) as well as BRRE significantly co-localizing secondary motifs for TCP TF class I (GG[A/C]CCA) and class II (GTGGGC) (d) determined by GEM. e Direct and indirect targets of ZmBZR1. Shown is the overlap of BZR1 ChIP-seq and RNA-seq of the BR-deficient brd1 mutant +/− BR. f Conservation of the BZR1 targets between Arabidopsis and maize (Arabidopsis orthologs). g Conservation of Arabidopsis and maize (Arabidopsis orthologs) BR up- and downregulated genes. h Overlap of orthologous BR-responsive (B) and non-responsive (N) BZR1 target genes (T) and non-target genes (N) in Arabidopsis (At) and Maize (Zm). Color-coding indicates fold enrichment compared to random expectation (blue, low enrichment to red, high enrichment). e^Numbers indicate p-values of significance of this enrichment assuming a hypergeometric distribution. i Heatmap of direct orthologues target genes of BZR1 in Arabidopsis and maize induced (green) or repressed (red) by BR. Overall, 65% of 1:1 orthologs and 72% of 1:2 copy orthologs of direct BZR1 targets between Arabidopsis and Maize, respectively, showed the same direction of BR regulation