Fig. 3

C4A GREx is associated with entorhinal cortex surface area and predicts longitudinal psychosis symptoms. A Linear regression analyses were performed in the multi-ancestry cohort to test the association between C4A GREx and regional brain structure (N’s with brain imaging data passing quality control ~ 6500). Brain regions demonstrating a nominally significant association between C4A GREx and surface area (mm²) are shown in color (P < 0.05); only the association with the entorhinal cortex survived FDR correction. The results for all brain regions are provided in Additional File 1: Tables S6-S9. B Female and male youths showed a significant effect of C4A GREx on reduced entorhinal cortex surface area. C Replication of the relationship between C4A GREx and entorhinal cortex (EC) surface area in 8357 adult females and 7790 adult males of European ancestry from the UK Biobank. D Youths falling in the top and bottom quartiles in terms of baseline entorhinal surface area were identified. E Smaller entorhinal cortex surface area (bottom quartile) at baseline predicted greater number and severity of psychosis-like experiences at the 1- and 2-year follow-up time points. The mean number and severity of PLEs are shown inside each bar plot. ~P = 0.05, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001