Fig. 5

Evidence of lineage-specific selection. A Summary of Spastic dysarthria enrichment (from human phenotype ontology). In A–D, each blue line represents a gene in the gene set, and the green curve is the cumulative enrichment score. B Summary of other glycan degradation enrichment (from KEGG). C Summary of Gluconeogenesis enrichment (from REACTOME). D Summary of Nonmotile primary cilium assembly enrichment (from GO Biological Process). E Volcano plot summarizing of log₂ fold changes for genes driving the enrichments for Spastic dysarthria, Other glycan degradation, Gluconeogenesis, and Nonmotile primary cilium assembly. All genes are human-biased for Other glycan degradation and Spastic dysarthria whereas all genes are chimpanzee-biased for gluconeogenesis. All but one gene is human-biased for Nonmotile primary cilium assembly. The four genes with the lowest DESeq2 FDR are highlighted