Fig. 5

Immunosuppresive T cell dynamics in gastric cancer. A,B UMAP of 12,537 CD4⁺ T cells (A) and 28,772 CD8⁺ T cells (B) color coded for cluster annotation. C Pairwise analysis of T cell cluster fraction per patient in normal and tumor tissue, showing the most up- and downregulated T cells. Paired Wilcoxon rank-sum test, Holm-adjusted p-values per cluster shown. D Average expression of T cell implicated gene cluster U4 visualized on CD4⁺ T cell UMAP (Additional file 1: Fig. S3). E Heatmap of genes from gene cluster U4, color as scaled average expression