Fig. 4

A Substitution spectra for human (H), chimpanzee (C), gorilla (G), and orangutan (O) across 25 autosomal telomeres and PAR1. B Difference between relative substitution proportions and mean relative proportions normalized by the standard deviation (Z-score) for each substitution class, telomere and species. For each telomere and substitution class, we plot four values corresponding to the four external branches of the great ape phylogeny. In total, we plot N = 700 estimates for autosomes (across 25 alignable telomeres) and N = 28 estimates for PAR1