Fig. 3
From: Repeated turnovers keep sex chromosomes young in willows
The expression patterns of intact RR genes. A, B Transcription and methylation levels of the two intact RR genes in male and female flower buds of S. arbutifolia (A) and S. chaenomeloides (B). The exons and their surrounding areas are shown in orange and blue, respectively. The first exon is marked by yellow shading. C RT-PCR amplification of the RR transcripts. F1, F2, R1, and R2: forward and reverse PCR primers on exons 1, 2, and 5. The UBQ was used as reference gene in both species