Fig. 2
From: Genomic insights into the evolutionary history and diversification of bulb traits in garlic
Evidence for the independent domestication of two cultivated groups of East Asia. a Demographic history of OG, CG1, and CG2 by estimating the historical effective population size Ne. Two dashed purple lines indicate the diverged time of CG1 and CG2 from OG. The dashed red line represents a time of the CG1 population expansion, whereas the dashed black lines indicate the bottleneck of three garlic groups. b Patterson’s D test for four garlic populations identified five introgression patterns with significant D values (|Z-score| > 3), using OUT as an outgroup. The introgression patterns from top to bottom in the chart indicated gene flows between OG and CG1, G3 and OG, CG1 and OG, CG1 and OG, and CG1 and G3, respectively. c The distribution of fixation index (FST) of CG1 and CG2. A total of 4.89 Gb genome (30.1% of garlic genome) shows distinct divergency (FST > 0.5). d The distribution of putative selective sweeps in the genome. The order of chromosome from left to right is from chromosome 1 to chromosome 8 successively. For each pair chromosome, the left and right one shows the selective sweeps of CG1 and CG2 in green and blue lines, respectively. The purple lines represent the overlap of selective sweeps between CG1 and CG2