Fig. 5
From: Combined nature and human selections reshaped peach fruit metabolome
Identification of anti-cancer metabolites and their regulatory genes. a Manhattan plots of mGWAS for citric acid in 2016. b Expression of Prupe.5G005700 and Prupe.5G006500 during fruit development of acid and non-acid varieties. c Acid contents in peach fruits transiently overexpressing Prupe.5G006500 (OE-Prupe.5G006500) and control (CK). Data shown are means ± SD of three biological replicates. d Relative contents of malic acid in accessions with different genotypes of Prupe.5G006500. e Inhibition of cancer cell proliferation by fruit extracts from four groups of peaches, landraces (L), peaches bred in China (C), peaches bred in Japan and South Korea (JSK) and western improved varieties (WI). Four cancer cell lines, HepG2 (liver cancer), BGC-823 (gastric cancer), A549 (lung cancer), and SW480 (colon cancer), were used. f Correlation between inhibition rates of SW480 cell lines by fruit extracts of different peach accessions and the contents of citric acid in these accessions. g Inhibition of SW480 cell lines by citric acid, malic acid, and citrate sodium with a concentration of 2000 μg/ml, after treated for 24, 48, and 72 h. h Regional Manhattan plots of mGWAS for methylcitric acid (qk109140-2), 2-thiophenecarboxylic acid (qk004847-2), citric acid (mws0281-3), histidinol (qk017487-2), nicotinic acid (mr799), and D-erythro-dihydrosphingosine (mr211) and their overlapping with sweeps related to differentiation, improvement, and domestication at the top of chromosome 5