Fig. 2

Genomic and phenotypic evolution of the four founder replicates suggest that the evolved populations have approached the trait optimum of the new, hot environment. A The Principal Component Analysis of all SNPs shows that the divergence of the 4 replicates slows down at later generations. The absence of pronounced allele frequency changes from generation F110-130 suggests that all populations have approached trait optimum and selection does not cause further allele frequency changes. B The relative fecundity of the four replicates remains constant at later time points: F103 on the left F138 on the right panel. Because fecundity increased in all replicates [11], this suggests that the replicates have reached trait optimum, but the fitness component fecundity differs slightly between them. Because different assaying protocols were used for the two time points (M&M) we rescaled the fecundity measurements using the min-max normalization such that 1 is the highest number of eggs observed and 0 is the lowest number of eggs