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Fig. 2 | Genome Biology

Fig. 2

From: Severe COVID-19-associated variants linked to chemokine receptor gene control in monocytes and macrophages

Fig. 2

3p21.31 COVID-19 risk variants are linked to increased monocyte-macrophage chemokine receptor gene expression. a, b Heatmap depicting statistical association strength (using adjusted P values) for the peak eQTL SNP in whole blood and lung tissue (panel a, GTEx v8) or in monocytes and macrophages (panel b, see the “Methods” section for eQTL sources). Only variants in high linkage-disequilibrium (r2>0.8, P<0.05) with independent significant (P <5e−8) GWAS SNPs were considered. c Number of eQTL SNPs associated with the indicated 3p21.31 genes in monocytes and macrophages. d Percentage of eQTL SNPs associated with increased expression of the indicated 3p21.31 genes in monocytes and macrophages. e CADD and RegulomeDB scores for all FUMA SNPs across the 3p21.31 locus. Red dashed lines indicate selected thresholds. SNPs passing the threshold are indicated in orange; those within monocyte H3K27Ac+/DNAse+ regulatory regions are in red. Below is depicted a UCSC genome browser view of H3K27Ac ChIP-Seq and DNAse-seq signals in the indicated cell types centred on the four candidate causal variants in ACR1 and ACR2. f eQTL analysis showing the three candidate causal variants that are also eQTLs for CCR1, CCR2 and CCR5. Direction of the association, P values and tissue/cell types are indicated. g Schematic indicating how 3p21.31 variants may increase risk of severe disease upon SARS-CoV-2 infection through altered monocyte-macrophage chemotactic receptor expression. See text for details

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