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Fig. 7 | Genome Biology

Fig. 7

From: Meiosis-specific cohesin complexes display essential and distinct roles in mitotic embryonic stem cell chromosomes

Fig. 7

Genome-wide occupancy of cohesin and condensin in ESCs. a ChIP-Seq binding profiles for cohesin components (SMC3, SMC1α, and RAD21), condensin component (CAPH2), and CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) at the chr.4 35,365,101–35,365,484 loci in ESCs [9, 75]. ChIP-Seq data are reported as reads per million with the y-axis floor set to 0.2 reads per million. Previously published ChIP-seq datasets from ESCs were reanalyzed in the encyclopedia of DNA elements [9, 75]. Scale bars are depicted above the profiles. b Comparison of observed condensin and cohesin binding in mitotic ESC and MEF chromosomes. The data show the relative level of DNA bound in siCtrl (Control) and siCohesin cells after pulling-down each cohesin component (SMC4, SMC3, RAD21, and REC8) at the cohesin/condensin binding regions [75]. A scatter plot was generated to visualize the normalized fold-change values in ESCs and MEFs. The error bars are the mean ± SD from three biological replicates. FC, fold-change value. c Condensin and cohesin ChIP analyses using siRNA for mitotic chromosomes in ESCs and MEF. The fold-change values were normalized for each condition to the value of siCtrl samples. Bar graphs indicated average of each replicated fold-change values. The error bars the mean ± SD from three biological replicates. n.a.: not applicable. d Regulation of chromosome structure by cohesin and condensin. e Proposed model of chromosome morphogenesis in normal or aberrant meiotic cohesin complexes in ESCs. Loss of REC8-containing cohesin induces high RB expression level and enhances the compaction of chromosome structures from the prophase to the metaphase. f Cohesin loading onto chromosomes. (i) The WAPL-mediated removal of meiotic and mitotic cohesins recruits RB-condensin complexes and promotes ESC chromosome condensation. In the absence of WAPL, cohesin removal is suppressed and condensin cannot be efficiently loaded on the chromosomes. (ii) Distinct localization of mitotic and meiotic cohesins at cohesion sites in ESCs

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