Fig. 1

The landscape of genome structure and evolutionary analyses of the CON genome. A A circular representation of the characteristics of the assembled CON genome. The different layers of circles are listed: (a) pseudo-molecules of oil-Camellia chromosomes; (b–e) the distribution of GC density, repetitive elements density, gene models, and non-coding RNA genes. (f) the syntenic blocks of the CON genome. B Distribution of silent divergence rates (Ks) between gene pairs within the Diospyros (KsD), Actinidia (KsA), and CON genomes (Camellia, KsY). Camellia shows two peaks, indicated by red arrows, which are corresponding to the Ad-β and γ duplication. The Ad-α and Dd-α duplication that are found in Actinidia and Diospyros are revealed by blue and green arrows. C The Ks distribution of orthologous genes between Camellia-Actinidia (KsYA), Camellia-Diospyros (KsYD), and Acitinidia-Diospyros (KsAD); the peaks (indicated by the black arrows) indicate the speciation events. D A time-calibrated phylogenetic tree of related plant species. The whole-genome duplication events are indicated by the colored circles. The divergent time of branches is revealed by the numbers on each branch. Ci.sinensis, Citrus sinensis; A.thaliana, Arabidopsis thaliana; P.trichocarpa, Populus trichocarpa; V.vinifera, Vitis vinifera; C.oleifera, Camellia oleifera; Ca.sinensis, Camellia sinensis; A.chinensis, Acitinidia chinensis; D.kaki, Diospyros kaki; A.trichopoda, Amborella trichopoda. Grey circle, the γ triplication event; Orange circle, the Dd-α duplication; Green circle, the Ad-α duplication; Magenta circle, the Ad-β duplication.