sPLINK: a hybrid federated tool as a robust alternative to meta-analysis in genome-wide association studies

Table 2 Comparison between sPLINK and the state-of-the-art approaches

Tool/Study	Privacy-aware	Robust to heterogeneity	Computationally efficient	Linear regression	Logistic regression
PLINK	✗	✓	✓	✓	✓
Meta-analysis	✓	✗	✓	✓	✓
Kamm et al. [17]	✓	✓	✗	*	✗
Cho et al. [18]	✓	✓	✗	*	✗
Morshed et al. [23]	✓	✗	✗	✓	✗
Kim et al. [24]	✓	✗	✗	✗	✓
GLORE [28]	✓	✓	✓	✗	✓
sPLINK	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓

*The study supports the Cochran–Armitage test, which is computationally comparable to linear regression

ISSN: 1474-760X