Fig. 1
From: A genome variation map provides insights into the genetics of walnut adaptation and agronomic traits
Population structure of J. sigillata and J. regia samples in this study. a Phylogenetic tree and population structure of J. sigillata and J. regia accessions. The order of accessions in the population structure plot is according to the phylogenetic relationship in the tree. One J. sigillata (JS) and three J. regia groups (JR1, JR2, and JR3) are clearly separated from each other and colored dark green, orange, blue, and purple, respectively. JS-JR1 and JR1-JR2 are admixed populations based on the ancestry inference. The outgroup clade including 8 Juglans accessions (2 accessions each for J. cathayensis, J. mandshurica, J. microcarpa, and J. nigra) is colored in black. The information for the country origins of the samples is indicated on the bottom. b Geographic distribution of the Chinese Juglans samples. The different colors in the pies represent ancestral components (according to the substructure at K = 4), while population size is indicated by the radius. c Different kinship patterns between the phylogenetic tree and geographic locations for JR1 and JR2. The colors are scaled by longitude or latitude values of each accession. d Principal component analysis (PCA) plot for 818 J. regia and J. sigillata accessions. e Effective population size (Ne) changes for JS and JR1. The estimated divergence time (generation) between JS and JR1 is shown in the gray-shaded bar along the x-axis