Table 3 Glossary of terms
From: Community-wide hackathons to identify central themes in single-cell multi-omics
Consensus term | Related terms | Description | Citation |
|---|---|---|---|
Network | Graph, adjacency matrix | A set of nodes, representing objects of interest, linked by edges, representing specific relationships between nodes. | [46] |
Node | Vertex | Element of interest in a network and linked to other nodes. For example: people, cells, proteins or genes. Nodes can have several properties called attributes like cell type or position. | [46] |
Edge | Link | The relationship between 2 nodes in a network. For example: friendship in social networks, cells in contact in a spatial network, or gene-gene interactions in a gene regulatory network. | [46] |
Concordant | Common | Agreement between multiple modalities with respect to feature/variable selection and correlation of latent factors. | |
Consistent | Coherent, self-consistent, within-study evaluation | Similar performance obtained from applying methods for multi-modal data during multiple rounds of data splitting. | [49] |
Contributions | Variable weights, loadings, eigenvector, axis, direction, dimension, coefficients, slopes | Contributions of the original variables in constructing the components. | |
Latent factors | Variates, scores, projections, components, latent/hidden/unobserved variables/factors | Weighted linear combinations of the original variables. | |
Multi-modal | Multiview, multiway arrays, multi-modal, multidomain, multiblock, multitable, multi-omics, multi-source data analysis methods, N-integration | Methods pertaining to the analysis of multiple data matrices for the same set of observations. | |
Conjoint analysis | P-integration, meta-analysis, multigroup data analysis | Methods pertaining to the analysis of multiple data matrices for the same set of variables. | |
Variable | Feature | A measurable quantity that describes an observation’s attributes. Variables from different modalities include age, sex, gene or protein abundance, single nucleotide variants, operational taxonomic units, pixel intensity etc. | [46] |
Biomarker | Marker | A variable that is associated with normal or disease processes, or responses to exposures, or interventions. Any change in this variable is also associated with a change in the associated clinical outcome. These variables may be used for diagnostic, monitoring, Pharmacodynamic responses. Examples include LDL cholesterol, CD4 counts, hemoglobin A1C. | [55] |
Panel | Biomarker panel, biomarker signature | A subset of the originally measured variables that are determined to be associated with the outcome or response variable. This may be determined using statistical inference, feature selection methods, or machine/statistical learning. | |
Observation | Sample, observation, array | A single entity belonging to a larger grouping. Examples include patients, subjects, participants, cells, biological sample, and usually the unit of observation on which the variables are measured | [46] |