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Fig. 1 | Genome Biology

Fig. 1

From: Elevated retrotransposon activity and genomic instability in primed pluripotent stem cells

Fig. 1

Conversion from naïve to primed state suppresses DNA recombination repair pathway. A Schematic diagram illustrating conversion of naïve to primed PSCs and experimental design. B Representative morphology of naïve mESCs and primed mEpiSCs at passage P5 and P15 under bright field with phase contrast (PC) optics and expression of Oct4-△PE-GFP fluorescence. Scale bar = 100 μm. C Heatmap highlighting gene expression profile related to the DNA recombination and repair pathway in naïve and primed cells at P5 and P15. The representative genes are listed on the right. D Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) indicating that downregulated genes under primed state are highly enriched in the DNA recombination and repair pathway. E, F DNA damage responses by exposure to 2.5 μM etoposide and 5 mM H2O2 for 2 h followed by immunofluorescence of 53BP1 foci at 2 and 20 h recovery. Scale bar = 5 μm. F The quantitative results of E. More than 50 cells were randomly counted. G, H DNA damage responses by exposure to 2.5 μM etoposide and 5 mM H2O2 for 2 h followed by immunofluorescence of γH2AX foci at 2 and 20 h recovery. Scale bar = 5 μm. H The quantitative results of G. More than 50 cells were randomly counted. Data is shown as Mean ± SEM. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001

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