Fig. 6

Meta-analysis of CD studies based on fecal shotgun metagenomic data. a Genus-level univariate and multivariable associations with CD across the five included metagenomic studies. The heatmap on the left side shows the generalized fold change for genera with a single-feature AUROC higher than 0.75 or smaller than 0.25 in at least one of the studies. Associations with a false discovery rate (FDR) below 0.1 are highlighted by a star. Statistical significance was tested using a Wilcoxon test and corrected for multiple testing using the Benjamini-Hochberg procedure. Genera are ordered according to the mean fold change across studies, and genera belonging to the Clostridiales order are highlighted by gray boxes. The right side displays the median model weights for the same genera derived from Elastic Net models trained on the five different studies. For each dataset, the top 20 features (regarding their absolute weight) are indicated by their rank. b Variance explained by disease status (CD vs controls) is plotted against the variance explained by differences between studies for individual genera. The dot size is proportional to the mean abundance, and genera included in a are highlighted in red or blue. c Classification accuracy as measured by AUROC is shown as a heatmap for Elastic Net models trained on genus-level abundances to distinguish controls from CD cases. The diagonal displays values resulting from cross-validation (when the test and training set are the same), and off-diagonal boxes show the results from the study-to-study transfer of models