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Fig. 2 | Genome Biology

Fig. 2

From: Determinants of Staphylococcus aureus carriage in the developing infant nasal microbiome

Fig. 2

Development of infant nasal microbiome composition over the first year of life. a Infant nasal microbiome development showed general ecological patterns similar to those of other body sites. Alpha diversity increased over time in infants, although confidence was lower at later time points due to fewer samples; it decreased slightly at later time points (L) in mothers. Mothers were sequenced at birth, month 1, and one later time point (matched to a later time point for their infant, making this not the same time point for all mothers), which is labeled as “L.” b Mean Bray-Curtis dissimilarity per time point comparing (1) infants to themselves at birth, (2) infants to themselves at their most recent preceding time point, (3) infants to related and unrelated mothers, and (4) infants to other infants with the same or different S. aureus status at the same time point. In (1), the Bray-Curtis dissimilarity at birth is equal to 0 since we are comparing identical compositions and is labeled as “NA.” The use of the most recently recorded preceding time point for (2) is conservative because we have less frequent sampling at later time points but still find that infants are more self-conserved at these times. S. aureus status as positivity by either sequencing or culture is shown here, but there were no group differences if S. aureus was defined using other phenotypes. In both graphs, time points with fewer than 5 data points are not displayed (see Additional file 2 for sample sizes), and diversity measures are calculated on average subject taxonomic composition for the mothers (due to the limited sample numbers)

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