Pathogen type | Plant(s) | Desired modification | Targeted DNA/RNA | Targeted pathogen(s)/disease(s) | Results | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
m | Arabidopsis | Virus RNA genome disruption | Virus RNA genome | Turnip mosaic virus | Indels in virus RNA | [69] |
N. benthamiana | Virus RNA genome disruption | Virus RNA genome | Turnip mosaic virus | Indels in virus RNA | [37] | |
Rice, N. benthamiana | Virus RNA genome disruption | Virus RNA genome | Southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus, Tobacco mosaic virus | Reduction in virus levels and disease symptoms | [70] | |
Arabidopsis, N. benthamiana | Virus RNA genome disruption | Virus RNA genome | Cucumber mosaic virus, Tobacco mosaic virus | Reduction in virus levels and disease symptoms | [71] | |
N. benthamiana | Virus DNA disruption | Virus DNA Rep, IR, and Cp | Beet curly top virus, Merremia mosaic virus, Tomato yellow leaf curl virus | Indels in virus DNA | [72] | |
N. benthamiana | Virus DNA disruption | Virus DNA and satellite sequences | Cotton leaf curl Kokhran virus, Tomato yellow leaf curl Sardinian virus, Tomato yellow leaf curl virus, Merremia mosaic virus, BCTV-Logan, BCTV-Worland | Indels in virus DNA | [73] | |
N. benthamiana | Virus DNA disruption | Virus DNA Rep A/Rep and LIR | Bean yellow dwarf virus | Indels in virus DNA, resistance to virus | [74] | |
Arabidopsis, N. benthamiana | Virus DNA disruption | Virus DNA Rep, IR, and CP | Beet severe curly top virus | Indels in virus DNA, resistance to virus | [75] | |
Tomato, N. benthamiana | Virus DNA disruption | Virus DNA Rep, IR, and Cp | Tomato yellow leaf curl virus | Indels in virus DNA, resistance to virus | [76] | |
N. benthamiana | Virus DNA disruption | Multiplex editing at Rep and IR | Cotton leaf curl Multan virus | Significantly low virus accumulation and decreased disease symptoms | [77] | |
Cassava | Virus DNA disruption | AC2 and AC3 | African cassava mosaic virus | Indels in virus DNA but no virus resistance | [78] | |
N. benthamiana | Virus DNA disruption | Multiplex editing at virus DNA Rep, IR, and Cp | Chilli leaf curl virus | Significantly low virus accumulation and decreased disease symptoms | [79] | |
Banana | Virus DNA disruption | Virus sequences in the host plantain genome | Endogenous banana streak virus | 75% of pl0ants remain asymptomatic | [80] | |
 | Biomimickinga | Eif4e1 | Clover yellow vein virus | Reduced virus accumulation | [65] | |
Rice | Biomimickinga | Eif4g | Rice tungro spherical virus | Resistance to virus | [81] | |
Cassava | Gene disruption | nCBP-1, nCBP-2 | Cassava brown streak disease | Suppressed disease symptoms | [82] | |
Arabidopsis | Gene disruption | EIF4E | Turnip mosaic virus | Resistance to virus | [47] | |
Cucumber | Gene disruption | eIF4E | Cucumber vein yellowing virus (ipomovirus), Zucchini yellow mosaic virus, and Papaya ring spot mosaic virus-W (potyviruses) | Resistance to three viruses | [46] | |
Fungus | Tomato | Gene disruption | Multiplex gRNA at Pmr4 | Powdery mildew caused by Oidium neolycopersici | Significant reduction in mildew symptoms | [83] |
Tomato | Gene disruption | SlMapk3 | Botrytis cinerea | Increased resistance to B. cinerea | [84] | |
Tomato | Gene disruption | Solyc08g075770 | Fusarium wilt | Tolerance to fusarium wilt | [85] | |
Rice | Gene disruption | Single and multiplex gRNA at OsERF922 | Rice blast caused by Magnaporthe oryzae | Significantly decreased blast lesions | [86] | |
Grape | Gene disruption | VvWRKY52 | B. cinerea | Increased resistance to B. cinerea | [87] | |
Tomato | Gene disruption | SlMlo1 | Powdery mildew | Resistance to powdery mildew | [88] | |
Banana | Gene insertion | RGA2, Ced9 | Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense tropical race 4 (TR4) | Significant reduction in disease | [89] | |
Rice | Gene disruption | OsMPK5 | Fungal (Magnaporthe grisea) and bacterial (Burkholderia glumae) pathogens | Indels in the target; resistance not confirmed | [90] | |
Grape | Gene disruption | Mlo-7 | Powdery mildew | Indels in the target; resistance not confirmed | [91] | |
Wheat | Gene disruption | TaMlo-A1, TaMlo-B1, and TaMlo-D1 | Powdery mildew | High tolerance to powdery mildew | [92] | |
Wheat | Gene disruption | TaMlo | Powdery mildew | Indels in the target; resistance not confirmed | [30] | |
Wheat | Gene disruption | TaEdr1 (three homologs) | Powdery mildew | Resistance to powdery mildew | [93] | |
Bacteria | Rice | Gene disruption | OsSWEET13 | Bacterial blight caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. Oryzae (Xoo) | Resistance not confirmed | [94] |
Rice | Gene disruption | OsSWEET11 | Bacterial blight | Enhanced resistance to Xoo | [95] | |
Rice | Gene and promoter disruption | TALE-binding elements (EBEs) in OsSWEET13 promoter, OsSWEETT11, and OsSWEEt14 genes | Bacterial blight caused by Xoo | Broad-spectrum resistance against multiple Xoo strains | [50] | |
Rice | Promoter disruption | OsSWEET11, OsSWEET13, and OsSWEET14 | Bacterial blight | Increased resistance to bacterial blight; confirmed in field trials | [51] | |
Apple | Gene disruption | DIPM-1, DIPM-2, and DIPM-4 | Fire blight disease (caused by Erwinia amylovora) | Indels in the target; resistance not confirmed | [91] | |
Rice | Promoter disruption | OsSWEET11, OsSWEET14 | Bacterial blight | Indels in promoter; disease resistance not confirmed | [96] | |
Tomato | Gene repair | Jaz2 | Bacterial speck disease caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC 3000 | Resistance to bacterial speck disease | [97] | |
Tomato | Gene disruption | Dmr6 | Pseudomonas syringae, Phytophthora capsici, and Xanthomonas spp. | Resistance to P. syringae, P. capsici, and Xanthomonas spp. | [98] | |
Grapefruit | Promoter disruption | CsLOB1 | Citrus canker | Significantly reduced canker symptoms | [99] | |
Wanjincheng orange | Promoter disruption | CsLOB1 | Citrus canker | Disease severity decreased by 83.2–98.3% | [100] | |
Oomycete | Papaya | Gene disruption | PpalEPIC8 | Phytophthora palmivora | Increased resistance against P. palmivora | [101] |
Theobroma cacao | Gene disruption | TcNPR3 | Phytophthora tropicalis | Increased resistance against P. tropicalis | [102] |