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Fig. 5 | Genome Biology

Fig. 5

From: Developmental regulation of canonical and small ORF translation from mRNAs

Fig. 5

uORFs as translational regulators. a Variation in canonical TE levels as a function of the number of cistronic uORFs showing ribosomal binding. b Comparison of translational changes between uORFs and their canonical mORFs across developmental stages. Numbers denote the number of Z-ratio significant uORF-mORF pairs in each quadrant. Vertical arrows: uORF translational regulation. Horizontal arrows: canonical mORF translational regulation. Green arrows: upregulated; red arrows: downregulated. c Correlation between the number of uORFs per mRNA and 5′UTR length (Spearman’s r = 0.7). d Comparison of Kozak-context scores between distinct ORF classes and uORF subclasses. Graphs display 10–90 percentile range. Mann-Whitney p < 0.001. e Comparison of phyloP conservation scores (27-way alignments) between distinct ORF classes and uORF subclasses. Graphs display 10–90 percentile range. f Correlations in amino acid usage across distinct uORF subclasses, short CDSs, and canonical ORFs; values denote pairwise Spearman’s r. g Model for uORF function and evolution. 5′ leaders in blue. t: evolutionary time. Red lines denote ribosomal binding signal; white boxes correspond to novel uORFs; salmon boxes correspond to ribosomal-bound uORFs; red boxes correspond to translated uORFs. Purple scribble denotes produced peptide

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