Fig. 4

Stratification of the FGFP microbiomes associated with host covariates. a Ranking of host covariates associated with the FGFP microbiomes. The ranking is compared between tmap (middle panel, according to SAFE enriched score) and envfit (right panel, according to squared correlation coefficient). In the left panel, covariates that are statistically consistent between the two rankings are colored blue (Kendall’s tau, cutoff p value = 0.05). In the middle panel, covariates are colored based on metadata category. b–e TDA network enrichment patterns (SAFE scores) of the covariates of Bristol stool score, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, pets past 3 months, and time since previous relief, respectively. Node color is based on SAFE scores of corresponding covariates, from red (large values) to blue (small values). The scale of enrichment of mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration appears to be comparable to that of Bristol stool score, and both are ranked among the top five covariates. Nonlinear patterns of multiple local enrichments are observed for pets past 3 months and time since previous relief, which are ranked differently between tmap and envfit