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Table 1 Summary of different feature selection techniques used by reference-free deconvolution methods in published studies

From: TOAST: improving reference-free cell composition estimation by cross-cell type differential analysis

Features selected by

RF methods

Published studies

 

Deconf

Liebner et al. [40]

 

RefFreeEWAS

Johnson et al. [9]

 

RefFreeEWAS

Johnson et al. [10]

Largest variability

RefFreeEWAS

Chen et al. [11]

 

RefFreeEWAS

Everson et al. [41]

 

ReFACTor

Kaushal et al. [42]

 

ReFACTor

Rahmani et al. [23]

 

NMF

Feng et al. [32]

External information

Deconf

Gaujoux et al. [43]

 

RefFreeEWAS

Gasparoni et al. [44]

  1. RefFreeEWAS is EWAS using Reference-Free DNA Methylation Mixture Deconvolution, from CRAN package RefFreeEWAS. ReFACTor is reference-free adjustment for cell type composition, from the GLINT package. NMF is non-negative matrix factorization, available from https://github.com/haoharryfeng/cfDNAmethy. Deconf is the in-silico deconfounding approach, i.e., alternate least-square NMF method using heuristic constraints, available from the CellMix package