Fig. 4

Tested demographic models. Left figures: topology of the demographic models for ABC-DL analyses considering East Asian (EAs), European (Eu), western sub-Saharan (WAf), Mbuti Pygmy (Mbt), and Khoisan (Kho) anatomically modern humans, Altai Neanderthal (N), Neanderthal-like population (NI) with introgressed DNA present in Eurasian populations, Denisova (D), Denisovan-like population (NI) with introgressed DNA present in East Asian populations, an archaic ghost population (Xe) that has left their footprint into Denisovan genome, a putative African extinct basal branch population (XAf), and a second putative archaic ghost population Neanderthal-like (Xn). In all models, recent migrations described in the text are allowed, but not shown in the figure to ease visualization. The posterior probability obtained with our ABC-DL approach is shown for each model; right figure: fitted B model