Fig. 8

Intrahost virus genetic diversity is dependent on the experimental and biological system. Variants called from Zika and West Nile virus populations derived from in vitro, in vivo, and field studies (Fig. 6) were used to compare intrahost virus diversity from mosquito vectors (Ae. aegypti and Culex species) and vertebrate hosts (primates or birds). We compared a richness (the number of intrahost single-nucleotide variant [iSNV] sites; Fig. 7a), b complexity (uncertainty associated with randomly sampling an allele, measured by Shannon entropy [Sn]), and c distance (the sum of all iSNV frequencies). The mosquito and vertebrate-derived populations were compared using unpaired Mann-Whitney rank tests (ns, not significant; *, p < 0.05). Data shown as mean and standard deviation. d The proportion of Zika virus iSNVs detected in the Ae. aegypti and rhesus macaque in vivo samples were distributed by frequency. Bin width is 0.05. e Our combined data suggests that intrahost virus diversity is dependent upon the experimental system (i.e., in vitro, in vivo, or field samples)