Applications and potential of genome editing in crop improvement

Zhang, Yi; Massel, Karen; Godwin, Ian D.; Gao, Caixia

doi:10.1186/s13059-018-1586-y

Table 1 Crop traits that have been improved by genome-editing techniques

From: Applications and potential of genome editing in crop improvement

Crop species	Gene editor	Target gene	DNA repair type	Target trait	Reference
Maize	ZFNs	ZmIPK1	HR	Herbicide tolerant and phytate reduced maize	[14]
Maize	ZFNs	ZmTLP	HR	Trait stacking	[15]
Rice	ZFNs	OsQQR	HR	Trait stacking	[16]
Rice	TALENs	OsSWEET14	NHEJ	Bacterial blight resistance	[18]
Wheat	TALENs	TaMLO	NHEJ	Powdery mildew resistance	[19]
Maize	TALENs	ZmGL2	NHEJ	Reduced epicuticular wax in leaves	[20]
Sugarcane	TALENs	COMT	NHEJ	Improved cell wall composition	[21]
Sugarcane	TALENs	COMT	NHEJ	Improved saccharification efficiency	[22]
Soybean	TALENs	FAD2-1A, FAD2-1B	NHEJ	High oleic acid contents	[23]
Soybean	TALENs	FAD2-1A, FAD2-1B, FAD3A	NHEJ	High oleic, low linoleic contents	[24]
Potato	TALENs	VInv	NHEJ	Minimizing reducing sugars	[25]
Rice	TALENs	OsBADH2	NHEJ	Fragrant rice	[26]
Maize	TALENs	ZmMTL	NHEJ	Induction of haploid plants	[27]
Brassica oleracea	TALENs	FRIGIDA	NHEJ	Flowering earlier	[28]
Tomato	TALENs	ANT1	HR	Purple tomatoes with high anthocyanin	[29]
Rice	CRISPR/Cas9	LAZY1	NHEJ	Tiller-spreading	[39]
Rice	CRISPR/Cas9	Gn1a, GS3, DEP1	NHEJ	Enhanced grain number, larger grain size and dense erect panicles	[40]
Wheat	CRISPR/Cas9	GW2	NHEJ	Increased grain weight and protein content	[41]
Camelina sativa	CRISPR/Cas9	FAD2	NHEJ	Decreased polyunsaturated fatty acids	[42]
Rice	CRISPR/Cas9	SBEIIb	NHEJ	High amylose content	[43]
Maize	CRISPR/Cas9	Wx1	NHEJ	High amylopectin content	[44]
Potato	CRISPR/Cas9	Wx1	NHEJ	High amylopectin content	[45]
Wheat	CRISPR/Cas9	EDR1	NHEJ	Powdery mildew resistance	[46]
Rice	CRISPR/Cas9	OsERF922	NHEJ	Enhanced rice blast resistance	[47]
Rice	CRISPR/Cas9	OsSWEET13	NHEJ	Bacterial blight resistance	[48]
Tomato	CRISPR/Cas9	SlMLO1	NHEJ	Powdery mildew resistance	[49]
Tomato	CRISPR/Cas9	SlJAZ2	NHEJ	Bacterial speck resistance	[50]
Grapefruit	CRISPR/Cas9	CsLOB1 promoter	NHEJ	Alleviated citrus canker	[51]
Orange	CRISPR/Cas9	CsLOB1 promoter	NHEJ	Citrus canker resistance	[52]
Grapefruit	CRISPR/Cas9	CsLOB1	NHEJ	Citrus canker resistance	[53]
Cucumber	CRISPR/Cas9	eIF4E	NHEJ	Virus resistance	[54]
Mushroom	CRISPR/Cas9	PPO	NHEJ	Anti-browning phenotype	[55]
Tomato	CRISPR/Cas9	SP5G	NHEJ	Earlier harvest time	[56]
Tomato	CRISPR/Cas9	SlAGL6	NHEJ	Parthenocarpy	[57]
Maize	CRISPR/Cas9	TMS5	NHEJ	Thermosensitive male-sterile	[58]
Rice	CRISPR/Cas9	OsMATL	NHEJ	Induction of haploid plants	[59]
Tomato	CRISPR/Cas9	SP, SP5G, CLV3, WUS, GGP1	NHEJ	Tomato domestication	[60]
Rice	CRISPR/Cas9	ALS	HR	Herbicide resistance	[61]
Rice	CRISPR/Cas9	ALS	HR	Herbicide resistance	[62]
Rice	CRISPR/Cas9	EPSPS	NHEJ	Herbicide resistance	[63]
Rice	CRISPR/Cas9	ALS	HR	Herbicide resistance	[64]
Soybean	CRISPR/Cas9	ALS	HR	Herbicide resistance	[65]
Maize	CRISPR/Cas9	ALS	HR	Herbicide resistance	[66]
Potato	CRISPR/Cas9	ALS	HR	Herbicide resistance	[67]
Flax	CRISPR/Cas9	EPSPS	HR	Herbicide resistance	[68]
Cassava	CRISPR/Cas9	EPSPS	HR	Herbicide resistance	[69]
Maize	CRISPR/Cas9	ARGOS8	HR	Drought stress tolerance	[70]

CRISPR clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats, HR homologous recombination, NHEJ non-homologous end joining, TALEN transcription activator-like effector nuclease, ZFN zinc-finger nuclease

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