Fig. 4

Validation of a reporterless NHEJ assay in mouse liver. a Delivery of paired Cas9-gRNAs into mouse liver by hydrodynamic tail vein injection. b–d Analysis of NHEJ induced by paired Cas9-gRNA at the LDHA sites in mouse liver. The editing efficiency (b), the frequency of each group in edited events (c), and the frequency of each category in group I events (d) were calculated (Mann–Whitney test, not significant (NS)). e Deletion length distributions of group I “Del” events in mouse livers. The median deletion length is indicated, and deletion length distributions demonstrate no shift towards longer deletions between these liver specimens (Kruskal–Wallis test, NS, P = 0.1922). f Frequency of accurate NHEJ among group I (left) and frequency of deletions with different deletion lengths in Del events of group I NHEJ (right) in mouse livers. Del NHEJ events were grouped into 58–63 bp and > 63 bp at the LDHA site. The respective reads and frequencies are summarized in the inset. g Frequency of the microhomology usage at different lengths in deletion-only group I events of mouse liver