Fig. 1

An overview of the GiniClust2 pipeline. a The Gini index and Fano factor are used (left), respectively, to select genes for GiniClust and Fano-based clustering (middle left). A cluster-aware, weighted ensemble method is applied to each of these, where cell-specific cluster-aware weights \( {w}_i^F \) and \( {w}_i^G \) are represented by the shading of the cells (middle right), to reach a consensus clustering (right). b A schematic of the weighted consensus association calculation, with association matrices in black and white, weighting schemes in red and blue, and final GiniClust2 clusters highlighted in white. c Cell-specific GiniClust and Fano-based weights are defined as a function of cell-type proportion, where parameters μ, s, and f define the shapes of the weighting curves