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Fig. 1 | Genome Biology

Fig. 1

From: Schmutzi: estimation of contamination and endogenous mitochondrial consensus calling for ancient DNA

Fig. 1

Schematic illustration of mitochondrial sequences from an ancient DNA library. When DNA from an ancient human sample is sequenced, DNA from the ancient human (endogenous fragments represented in green) as well as contaminant DNA fragments from the individuals who have handled the bone (contaminating fragments represented in red) are included. Because DNA undergoes deamination over time, endogenous fragments are likely to carry deaminated cytosines (represented as T’s in a blue frame), particularly near the ends of the DNA fragments. The non-deaminated cytosines are represented as unframed blue C’s. Schmutzi first identifies the endogenous fragments and, in a second step, uses these to quantify contamination. These steps are repeated until convergence is achieved and a single mitochondrial genome is identified

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