Figure 2

Concordant and discordant mRNA/protein expression. (A) Two-dimensional density plot showing distribution of mRNA-protein Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients measured during developmental (x-axis) and aging (y-axis) intervals in human PFC. The grey dashed lines show the correlation coefficient cutoffs used to define concordant and discordant gene groups (P < 0.05, Spearman’s rank correlation; FDR <0.05, permutations). See also Figure S5 in Additional file 1. (B) The overlap of concordant and discordant gene groups between human and rhesus macaque time series. The arrows show numbers of overlap found in the actual data; the distributions show chance overlap estimated by 1,000 permutations of gene labels. The dashed line indicates the 95% quantile of the distribution. See also Figure S5 in Additional file 1. (C,D) Four main patterns of age-dependent mRNA expression separated into concordant (C) and discordant (D) gene groups. The curves show the average mRNA (gray) and protein (colored) expression calculated using cubic spline regression. The points show the mean expression in each individual. The y-axis shows mRNA and protein expression, normalized to the mean and standard deviation of corresponding expression levels in the developmental interval. The vertical error bars show the standard deviation range of the curves. The pattern number and the number of genes in each group are shown on the top of the panels. The vertical dashed line marks separation of developmental and aging intervals. See also Figure S8 in Additional file 1.