Figure 5
From: Comparative genomic analysis of the Tribolium immune system
Schematic drawing of the immune signaling pathways in Drosophila and Tribolium. (a) Extracellular serine proteinase pathways for proPO and Spätzle activation as well as the intracellular Toll pathway for antimicrobial peptide production. (b) IMD pathway and JNK branch for induced synthesis of immune responsive effectors. (c) JAK-STAT pathway for transcription activation of defense genes (for example, TEPs). Components of the putative pathways from T. castaneum are predicted based on sequence similarity. The Drosophila gene names are followed by GLEAN numbers of their beetle orthologs (or paralogs in some cases).