Is mammalian chromosomal evolution driven by regions of genome fragility?

Ruiz-Herrera, Aurora; Castresana, Jose; Robinson, Terence J

doi:10.1186/gb-2006-7-12-r115

Table 1 The human ideogram at the 550 band resolution showing the location of fragile sites and evolutionary breakpoints

From: Is mammalian chromosomal evolution driven by regions of genome fragility?

Chromosomal band	Type fs	EB	Chromosomal band	Type fs	EB
10p11.1	No fs	No EB	22q13.3^b	r-fs	EB
10p11.2	No fs	EB	2p11.1	No fs	No EB
10p12.1	No fs	EB	2p11.2^b	r-fs	EB
10p12.2	No fs	No EB	2p12	No fs	EB
10p12.3	No fs	EB	2p13^b	c-fs	EB
10p13	No fs	EB	2p14	No fs	EB
10p14	No fs	EB	2p15	No fs	EB
10p15	No fs	EB	2p16	c-fs	EB
10q11.1	No fs	No EB	2p21	No fs	EB
10q11.2^a	c-fs	EB	2p22	No fs	EB
10q21.1^a	c-fs	EB	2p23	No fs	EB
10q21.2^a	c-fs	EB	2p24	c-fs	No EB
10q21.3^a	c-fs	EB	2p25.1	No fs	No EB
10q22.1^a	c-fs	EB	2p25.2	No fs	No EB
10q22.2	No fs	EB	2p25.3	No fs	EB
10q22.3	No fs	EB	2q11.1	No fs	No EB
10q23.1	No fs	EB	2q11.2^a	r-fs	EB
10q23.2	No fs	EB	2q12	No fs	EB
10q23.3^a	r-fs	EB	2q13^a	r-fs	EB
10q24.1	No fs	EB	2q14.1	No fs	EB
10q24.2	No fs	EB	2q14.2	No fs	EB
10q24.3	No fs	EB	2q14.3	No fs	EB
10q25.1	No fs	EB	2q21.1	No fs	EB
10q25.2	c-fs and r-fs	No EB	2q21.2	No fs	EB
10q25.3	No fs	No EB	2q21.3	c-fs	EB
10q26.1^a	c-fs	EB	2q22	r-fs	EB
10q26.2	No fs	EB	2q23	No fs	EB
10q26.3	No fs	No EB	2q24.1	No fs	No EB
11p11.1	No fs	EB	2q24.2	No fs	EB
11p11.21	No fs	No EB	2q24.3	No fs	No EB
11p11.22	No fs	EB	2q31^a	c-fs	No EB
11p12	No fs	No EB	2q32.1^a	c-fs	EB
11p13	c-fs	EB	2q32.2	No fs	EB
11p14	c-fs	EB	2q32.3	No fs	EB
11p15.1^b	c-fs and r-fs	EB	2q33^a	c-fs	EB
11p15.2	No fs	EB	2q34	No fs	EB
11p15.3	No fs	No EB	2q35	No fs	EB
11p15.4	No fs	EB	2q36	No fs	EB
11p15.5	No fs	EB	2q37.1	No fs	EB
11q11	No fs	No EB	2q37.2	No fs	EB
11q12	No fs	EB	2q37.3^b	c-fs	EB
11q13.1^b	c-fs	EB	3p11	No fs	No EB
11q13.2^b	c-fs	No EB	3p12	No fs	EB
11q13.3^b	c-fs and r-fs	EB	3p13	No fs	No EB
11q13.4^b	c-fs	EB	3p14.1	No fs	EB
11q13.5^b	c-fs	EB	3p14.2	c-fs	No EB
11q14.1	No fs	EB	3p14.3	No fs	EB
11q14.2^a	c-fs	No EB	3p21.1	No fs	No EB
11q14.3	No fs	EB	3p21.2	No fs	EB
11q21	No fs	No EB	3p21.3	No fs	EB
11q22.1	No fs	EB	3p22	No fs	EB
11q22.2	No fs	EB	3p23	No fs	EB
11q22.3	No fs	EB	3p24	c-fs	EB
11q23.3^a	c-fs and r-fs	No EB	3p25	No fs	EB
11q23.2	No fs	No EB	3p26	No fs	No EB
11q23.1	No fs	EB	3q11.1	No fs	No EB
11q24	No fs	EB	3q11.2	No fs	EB
11q25	No fs	No EB	3q12	No fs	EB
12p11.1	No fs	No EB	3q13.1	No fs	No EB
12p11.2	No fs	EB	3q13.2	No fs	EB
12p12.1	No fs	No EB	3q13.3	No fs	EB
12p12.2	No fs	No EB	3q21	No fs	EB
12p12.3	No fs	No EB	3q22	No fs	EB
12p13.3	No fs	EB	3q23	No fs	EB
12p13.2	No fs	No EB	3q24	No fs	EB
12p13.1	No fs	No EB	3q25.1	c-fs	No EB
12q11	No fs	No EB	3q25.2	c-fs	No EB
12q12	No fs	No EB	3q25.3	c-fs	EB
12q13.1^a	r-fs	EB	3q26.1	No fs	EB
12q13.2	No fs	EB	3q26.2	No fs	EB
12q13.3	No fs	EB	3q26.3	No fs	EB
12q14	No fs	EB	3q27^a	c-fs	EB
12q15	No fs	No EB	3q28	No fs	No EB
12q21.1	No fs	EB	3q29	No fs	EB
12q21.2	No fs	EB	4p11	No fs	No EB
12q21.3^a	c-fs	No EB	4p12	No fs	EB
12q22	No fs	EB	4p13	No fs	EB
12q23	No fs	EB	4p14	No fs	No EB
12q24.1^b	c-fs and r-fs	EB	4p15.1^b	c-fs	No EB
12q24.2^b	c-fs and r-fs	No EB	4p15.2^b	c-fs	No EB
12q24.31^b	c-fs	EB	4p15.3^b	c-fs	EB
12q24.32^b	c-fs	No EB	4p16^a	c-fs	EB
12q24.33^b	c-fs	No EB	4q11	No fs	No EB
13p13	No fs	No EB	4q12	c-fs	EB
13p12	No fs	No EB	4q13.1	No fs	No EB
13p11.2	No fs	No EB	4q13.2	No fs	No EB
13p11.1	No fs	No EB	4q13.3	No fs	EB
13q11	No fs	No EB	4q21.1	No fs	EB
13q12.1	No fs	EB	4q21.2	No fs	EB
13q12.2	No fs	No EB	4q21.3	No fs	No EB
13q12.3	No fs	No EB	4q22	c-fs	EB
13q13	c-fs	EB	4q23	No fs	No EB
13q14.1	No fs	EB	4q24	No fs	No EB
13q14.2	No fs	EB	4q25	No fs	No EB
13q14.3	No fs	EB	4q26	No fs	EB
13q21.1^b	c-fs	No EB	4q27	No fs	EB
13q21.2^b	c-fs	No EB	4q28	No fs	EB
13q21.3^b	c-fs	No EB	4q31.1	c-fs	EB
13q22	No fs	No EB	4q31.2	No fs	EB
13q31	No fs	EB	4q31.3	No fs	EB
13q32	c-fs	No EB	4q32	No fs	EB
13q33	No fs	EB	4q33	No fs	EB
13q34	No fs	No EB	4q34	No fs	EB
14p13	No fs	No EB	4q35	No fs	EB
14p12	No fs	No EB	5p11	No fs	No EB
14p11.2	No fs	No EB	5p12	No fs	EB
14p11.1	No fs	No EB	5p13.1^a	c-fs	No EB
14q11.1	No fs	No EB	5p13.2^a	c-fs	No EB
14q11.2	No fs	EB	5p13.3^a	c-fs	No EB
14q12	No fs	No EB	5p14^b	c-fs	No EB
14q13	No fs	EB	5p15.1	No fs	EB
14q21	No fs	EB	5p15.2	No fs	EB
14q22	No fs	EB	5p15.3	No fs	EB
14q23^a	c-fs	EB	5q11.1	No fs	No EB
14q24.1	c-fs	No EB	5q11.2	No fs	EB
14q24.2	No fs	No EB	5q12	No fs	EB
14q24.3	No fs	No EB	5q13.1	No fs	EB
14q31	No fs	No EB	5q13.2	No fs	EB
14q32.1	No fs	No EB	5q13.3	No fs	EB
14q32.2	No fs	No EB	5q14	No fs	EB
14q32.3	No fs	EB	5q15	c-fs	EB
15p13	No fs	No EB	5q21^b	c-fs	EB
15p12	No fs	No EB	5q22	No fs	EB
15p11.2	No fs	No EB	5q23.1	No fs	No EB
15p11.1	No fs	No EB	5q23.2	No fs	No EB
15q11.1	No fs	No EB	5q23.3	No fs	EB
15q11.2	No fs	EB	5q31.1^b	c-fs	EB
15q12	No fs	EB	5q31.2	No fs	No EB
15q13	No fs	EB	5q31.3	No fs	No EB
15q14	No fs	EB	5q32	No fs	EB
15q15	No fs	EB	5q33.1	No fs	EB
15q21.1	No fs	EB	5q33.2	No fs	EB
15q21.2	No fs	No EB	5q33.3	No fs	EB
15q21.3	No fs	No EB	5q34	No fs	EB
15q22.1^a	c-fs	No EB	5q35.1^b	r-fs	EB
15q22.2^a	c-fs	No EB	5q35.2^b	r-fs	EB
15q22.3^a	c-fs	EB	5q35.3^b	r-fs	EB
15q23	No fs	EB	6p11.1	No fs	No EB
15q24	No fs	EB	6p11.2	No fs	EB
15q25	No fs	EB	6p12	No fs	EB
15q26.1	No fs	EB	6p21.1	No fs	EB
15q26.2	No fs	No EB	6p21.2	No fs	EB
15q26.3	No fs	EB	6p21.3	No fs	EB
16p11.1	No fs	No EB	6p22.1	No fs	EB
16p11.2	No fs	EB	6p22.2	c-fs	EB
16p12^a	r-fs	EB	6p22.3	No fs	EB
16p13.1^b	r-fs	EB	6p23^a	r-fs	No EB
16p13.2	No fs	No EB	6p24	No fs	No EB
16p13.3	No fs	EB	6p25^a	c-fs	No EB
16q11.1	No fs	No EB	6q11	No fs	No EB
16q11.2	No fs	No EB	6q12	No fs	EB
16q12.1	No fs	EB	6q13^a	c-fs	EB
16q12.2	No fs	EB	6q14	No fs	EB
16q13	No fs	EB	6q15	c-fs	EB
16q21	No fs	EB	6q16.1	No fs	EB
16q22^a	c-fs and r-fs	EB	6q16.2	No fs	No EB
16q23^a	c-fs	EB	6q16.3	No fs	EB
16q24	No fs	No EB	6q21^a	c-fs	No EB
17p11.1	No fs	No EB	6q22.1	No fs	EB
17p11.2	No fs	EB	6q22.2	No fs	No EB
17p12	r-fs	EB	6q22.3	No fs	EB
17p13	No fs	EB	6q23.1	No fs	No EB
17q11.1	No fs	No EB	6q23.2	No fs	EB
17q11.2	No fs	EB	6q23.3	No fs	No EB
17q12	No fs	EB	6q24	No fs	EB
17q21.1	No fs	EB	6q25.1	No fs	EB
17q21.2	No fs	EB	6q25.2	No fs	EB
17q21.3	No fs	EB	6q25.3	No fs	EB
17q22	No fs	No EB	6q26^b	c-fs	No EB
17q23	c-fs	EB	6q27	No fs	EB
17q24	No fs	EB	7p11.1	No fs	No EB
17q25	No fs	EB	7p11.2^a	r-fs	EB
18p11.1	No fs	No EB	7p12	No fs	EB
18p11.2	No fs	EB	7p13^a	c-fs	EB
18p11.32	No fs	EB	7p14	c-fs	EB
18p11.31	No fs	No EB	7p15.1	No fs	No EB
18q11.1	No fs	No EB	7p15.2	No fs	EB
18q11.2	No fs	EB	7p15.3	No fs	EB
18q12.1	No fs	No EB	7p21	No fs	EB
18q12.2	c-fs	EB	7p22^b	c-fs	EB
18q12.3	No fs	EB	7q11.1^b	c-fs	No EB
18q21.1	No fs	EB	7q11.21^b	c-fs	No EB
18q21.2	No fs	No EB	7q11.22^b	c-fs	EB
18q21.3^a	c-fs	EB	7q11.23^b	c-fs	EB
18q22	r-fs	EB	7q21.1	No fs	EB
18q23	No fs	EB	7q21.2	c-fs	EB
19p11	No fs	No EB	7q21.3	No fs	EB
19p12	No fs	EB	7q22^b	c-fs	EB
19p13.1^b	r-fs	EB	7q31.1	No fs	EB
19p13.2^b	r-fs	EB	7q31.2	c-fs	No EB
19p13.3^b	r-fs	EB	7q31.3	No fs	EB
19q11	No fs	No EB	7q32	c-fs	EB
19q12	No fs	EB	7q33	No fs	EB
19q13.1	c-fs	EB	7q34	No fs	EB
19q13.2	c-fs	EB	7q35	No fs	EB
19q13.3	c-fs	EB	7q36^b	c-fs	EB
19q13.4	c-fs	EB	8p11.1	No fs	No EB
1p11	No fs	No EB	8p11.2	No fs	EB
1p12	No fs	No EB	8p12	No fs	EB
1p13.1	No fs	EB	8p21.1	No fs	EB
1p13.2	No fs	EB	8p21.2	No fs	EB
1p13.3	No fs	EB	8p21.3	No fs	EB
1p21	c-fs and r-fs	EB	8p22	No fs	EB
1p22.1	c-fs	EB	8p23.1	No fs	EB
1p22.2	c-fs	EB	8p23.2	No fs	No EB
1p22.3	c-fs	EB	8p23.3	No fs	EB
1p31.1	c-fs	EB	8q11.1	No fs	No EB
1p31.2	c-fs	EB	8q11.21	No fs	EB
1p31.3	c-fs	No EB	8q11.23	No fs	EB
1p32.3^b	c-fs	EB	8q12	No fs	EB
1p32.1^b	c-fs	No EB	8q13	No fs	EB
1p32.2^b	c-fs	EB	8q21.1	No fs	EB
1p33	No fs	No EB	8q21.2	No fs	EB
1p34.1	No fs	No EB	8q21.3	No fs	No EB
1p34.2	No fs	EB	8q22.1^a	c-fs	EB
1p34.3	No fs	EB	8q22.2	No fs	No EB
1p35	No fs	EB	8q22.3	r-fs	EB
1p36.1^b	c-fs	EB	8q23	No fs	EB
1p36.2^b	c-fs	EB	8q24.1	c-fs and r-fs	EB
1p36.3^b	c-fs	EB	8q24.2	No fs	No EB
1q11	No fs	No EB	8q24.3^b	c-fs	No EB
1q12	c-fs	No EB	9p11	No fs	No EB
1q21.1^b	c-fs	No EB	9p12	No fs	No EB
1q21.2^b	c-fs	No EB	9p13	No fs	EB
1q21.3^b	c-fs	EB	9p21	c-fs and r-fs	EB
1q22	No fs	No EB	9p22	No fs	No EB
1q23	No fs	EB	9p23	No fs	EB
1q24	No fs	EB	9p24	No fs	EB
1q25	c-fs	EB	9q11	No fs	No EB
1q31	c-fs	EB	9q12^b	c-fs	No EB
1q32.1	No fs	EB	9q13	No fs	No EB
1q32.2	No fs	EB	9q21.1	No fs	No EB
1q32.3	No fs	EB	9q21.2	No fs	EB
1q41	No fs	EB	9q21.3	No fs	EB
1q42.1^b	c-fs	EB	9q22.1	c-fs	EB
1q42.2^b	c-fs	No EB	9q22.2	No fs	EB
1q42.3^b	c-fs	EB	9q22.3	No fs	EB
1q43	No fs	EB	9q31	No fs	EB
1q44^b	c-fs	EB	9q32^a	c-fs and r-fs	EB
20p11.1	No fs	No EB	9q33	No fs	EB
20p11.2	r-fs	EB	9q34.1	No fs	EB
20p12	c-fs	EB	9q34.2	No fs	No EB
20p13	No fs	EB	9q34.3	No fs	EB
20q11.1	No fs	No EB	Xp11.1	No fs	No EB
20q11.2	No fs	EB	Xp11.21	No fs	No EB
20q12	No fs	No EB	Xp11.22	No fs	EB
20q13.1	No fs	EB	Xp11.23	No fs	EB
20q13.2	No fs	No EB	Xp11.3	No fs	EB
20q13.3	No fs	No EB	Xp11.4	No fs	No EB
21p13	No fs	No EB	Xp21.3	No fs	No EB
21p12	No fs	No EB	Xp21.2	No fs	No EB
21p11.2	No fs	No EB	Xp21.1	No fs	EB
21p11.1	No fs	No EB	Xp22.1	No fs	EB
21q11	No fs	EB	Xp22.2	No fs	No EB
21q21.1	No fs	No EB	Xp22.3	c-fs	No EB
21q21.2	No fs	No EB	Xq11	No fs	EB
21q22.1	No fs	EB	Xq12.1	No fs	No EB
21q22.2	No fs	No EB	Xq12.2	No fs	No EB
21q22.3	No fs	EB	Xq13	No fs	EB
22p13	No fs	No EB	Xq21.1	No fs	EB
22p12	No fs	No EB	Xq21.2	No fs	No EB
22p11.2	No fs	No EB	Xq21.3	No fs	EB
22p11.1	No fs	No EB	Xq22.1	c-fs	EB
22q11.1	No fs	No EB	Xq22.2	No fs	EB
22q11.2	No fs	EB	Xq22.3	No fs	EB
22q12.1	No fs	EB	Xq23	No fs	EB
22q12.2^a	c-fs	EB	Xq24	No fs	EB
22q12.3	No fs	EB	Xq25	No fs	EB
22q13.1^b	r-fs	EB	Xq26	No fs	EB
22q13.2^b	r-fs	EB	Xq27	c-fs and r-fs	EB
			Xq28	r-fs	No EB

All rare fragile sites (r-fs) and common fragile sites (c-fs) described by Schwartz and coworkers [39] and the evolutionary breakpoints (EBs) were plotted on the ideogram. Note that human chromosome Y is not included in the study. ^aFragile sites situated in bands comprising ≥ 6000 base pairs (bp) of tandem repeats in windows of 0.250 megabases (Mb). ^bFragile sites in bands with ≥ 10,000 bp of tandem repeats in windows of 0.250 Mb.

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