Figure 2

Definition of cytokine classes based on their modulatory effect on the response of CD14+ circulating MP to LPS. (a) Definition of cytokine classes based on their modulatory effect on the response of CD14⁺ circulating MPs to LPS. CD14⁺ MPs were stimulated with LPS and exposed after 1 h to 42 individual cytokine stimulations. The clusterogram represents 2,057 genes obtained by Eisen hierarchical clustering of the complete 17K dataset filtered for genes that are expressed in a minimum of 80% of the samples 4 h after LPS stimulation, and that, at least in one experiment, displayed a greater than threefold change in expression over stimulation with LPS alone. Two main classes of cytokines are distinguished: the blue bar indicates type II cytokines (for example, IL-4 and IL-13) and the red bar indicates type I cytokines (such as IFN-γ, CD40L and FLT-3L). A smaller third class including IL-10 is also shown (green bar). TNF-α (purple bar), TNF-β and GM-CSF (dark-gray bars) clustered separately from all other cytokines. (b) Unsupervised principal component analysis (PCA) of the unfiltered 17K gene dataset. Cytokine treatments are color-coded according to the groups classified in (a): blue circles, alternative type I cytokines; green circles, alternative type II cytokines; red circles, classical cytokines; purple circle (arrowed), TNF-α; dark-gray circles, TNF-β and GM-CSF; yellow circle (arrowed), LPS alone.