Gene expression and metabolite profiling of Populus euphratica growing in the Negev desert

Brosché, Mikael; Vinocur, Basia; Alatalo, Edward R; Lamminmäki, Airi; Teichmann, Thomas; Ottow, Eric A; Djilianov, Dimitar; Afif, Dany; Bogeat-Triboulot, Marie-Béatrice; Altman, Arie; Polle, Andrea; Dreyer, Erwin; Rudd, Stephen; Paulin, Lars; Auvinen, Petri; Kangasjärvi, Jaakko

doi:10.1186/gb-2005-6-12-r101

Table 4 Metabolite profiling of leaf samples taken from areas A, B, and C and from irrigated controls grown in less saline soil (area P)

From: Gene expression and metabolite profiling of Populus euphratica growing in the Negev desert

	A			B			C			P
	Average	SE	x fold change from P	Average	SE	x fold change from P	Average	SE	x fold change from P	Average	SE	x fold change from P
Organic acids
Citric acid	0.442	0.14	1.59	0.263	0.07	0.95	0.278	0.06	1.00	0.278	0.442	0.14
Fumaric acid	0.008	0.00	1.14	0.007	0.00	1.00	0.007	0.00	1.00	0.007	0.008	0.00
Glyceric acid	0.037^a	0.04	1.60	0.023^b	0.02	1.00	0.023^b	0.02	1.00	0.023^ab	0.037^a	0.04
Malic acid	0.638	0.15	0.94	0.693	0.22	1.02	0.669	0.15	0.99	0.677	0.638	0.15
Nicotinic acid	0.024	0.00	0.77	0.018	0.00	0.60	0.027	0.01	0.87	0.031	0.024	0.00
Succinic acid	0.381	0.07	1.10	0.385	0.08	1.12	0.350	0.03	1.02	0.344	0.381	0.07
Sugars
Fructose	1.374^b	0.29	0.89	2.326^ab	0.62	1.50	3.394^a	0.70	2.20	1.544^b	1.374^b	0.29
Glucose	0.397	0.12	0.56	0.697	0.27	0.99	0.687	0.47	0.97	0.703	0.397	0.12
Raffinose	0.102^b	0.06	0.65	0.309^a	0.04	1.98	0.309^a	0.08	1.98	0.156^ab	0.102^b	0.06
Sucrose	610.7	74.70	0.96	603.5	63.30	0.95	597.2	47.01	0.94	633.9	610.7	74.70
Trehalose	0.057	0.01	0.89	0.058	0.01	0.90	0.062	0.02	0.97	0.064	0.057	0.01
Xylulose	0.742^a	0.05	1.03	0.659^b	0.11	0.91	0.662^b	0.09	0.92	0.721^a	0.742^a	0.05
Sugar-alcohols
Galactinol	0.087	0.02	0.63	0.073	0.03	0.53	0.150	0.04	1.09	0.138	0.087	0.02
Mannitol	0.368^b	0.03	0.99	0.333^b	0.04	0.89	0.333^b	0.04	0.89	0.371^a	0.368^b	0.03
Myo-inositol	2.826^a	0.10	1.30	2.065^bc	0.27	0.95	1.968^c	0.16	0.90	2.170^b	2.826^a	0.10
Sorbitol	0.229	0.04	0.99	0.210	0.05	0.70	0.220	0.03	0.95	0.231	0.229	0.04
Poly-ol
Glycerol	0.162^a	0.05	6.75	0.023^b	0.00	0.95	0.024^b	0.00	1.00	0.024^b	0.162^a	0.05
Amino acids
β-alanine	0.350^a	0.03	2.13	0.395^a	0.06	2.40	0.121^b	0.04	0.74	0.164^b	0.350^a	0.03
Proline	0.045^a	0.01	1.67	0.020^ab	0.01	0.75	0.007^b	0.00	0.29	0.027^ab	0.045^a	0.01
Serine	0.014	0.00	3.50	0.005	0.00	1.25	0.004	0.00	1.25	0.004	0.014	0.00
Threonine	0.008	0.00	1.60	0.005	0.00	1.00	0.005	0.00	1.00	0.005	0.008	0.00
Valine	0.041^a	0.01	2.40	0.020^b	0.00	1.18	0.015^b	0.00	0.88	0.017^b	0.041^a	0.01

Polar extracts were derivatized and analyzed as described in 'Materials and methods'. Metabolite values were calculated as the relative response ratio (RR) of peak areas of the different compounds with respect to the peak area of ribitol (as internal standard), and are expressed as the average RR/g dry weight of six replicates (normalized with respect to the dry weight (g^-1 dry weight). Compounds labeled with a different symbol differ significantly (p < 0.05). The fold change relative to trees in area P is indicated in a separate column in italics. This value was calculated from the average values of the metabolites in areas A, B, and C relative to the average value in area P, where P is equal to 1. All leaf samples were harvested on 13 October 2004. Compounds labeled with a different letter (a, b or c) differ significantly (p < 0.05). SE, standard error.

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